1
●語態(tài)的分類●
語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式,表示句子之中主語和謂語動詞的關(guān)系。英語中有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的發(fā)出者(或執(zhí)行者)。
例如:Many people speak English nowadays.
(speak 的動作是由主語 many people 來執(zhí)行的)
被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者,即行為動作的對象。
例如:English is spoken by many people nowadays.
(主語 English 是動詞 speak 的承受者)
2
●各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)●
1.一般現(xiàn)在時:主語 +am/is/ are+動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned every day.
2.一般過去時:主語 +was/were+動詞的過去分詞
The clothes were washed two hours ago.
3.一般將來時:主語 +will/ shall be+ 動詞的過去分詞
The meeting will be held in three hours.
4.現(xiàn)在進行時:主語 +am/is/ are being+ 動詞的過去分詞
The piano is being repaired by one of my father’s friends.
5.過去進行時:主語 +was / were being+ 動詞的過去分詞
The problem was being discussed when I came in.
The movie has been watched three times.
7.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):情態(tài)動詞+ be +動詞的過去分詞
Before the police arrive, no one could be allowed to leave.
3
●被動語態(tài)的用法●
1.不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰或沒有必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。
例如:The glass was broken just now.
2.強調(diào)動作的承受者,而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。
例如:Your homework must be finished on time.
4
●主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法●
Step1: 把主動語態(tài)句子的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)句子的主語
Step2: 把主動語態(tài)句子的謂語變?yōu)?be+ 動詞過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu) (此處 be 有時態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)的變化)
Step3: 主語變?yōu)?by+sb.結(jié)構(gòu), sb.用賓格 (by sb.可省略)
5
●不用被動語態(tài)的情況●
1.不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。
例如:The sun rises from the east.
2.表示開始、結(jié)束、運動的動詞不用于被動語態(tài)。
如 begin, start, stop, end, shut, run, move 等。
例如:The TV program begins at 8 o’clock.
3.賓語是反身代詞、相互代詞、同源賓語時,不用于被動語態(tài)。
例如:We should help each other.
4. 一部分及物動詞不用于被動語態(tài)。常見的有 fit, have, wish, cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, lack, own 等。
例如:He has a big house.
5.一些短語動詞不能用于被動語態(tài),如 break out, take place, come true, belong to, consist of, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in 等。
例如:The old woman is suffering from a serious illness these days.
6.不定式作定語與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,不定式用主動形式。
例如:I have something interesting to say.
7.一部分形容詞后接不定式做狀語時,不定式用主動形式。常見的形容詞有:easy, hard, difficult, nice, kind 等。
例如:The problem is easy to solve.
6
●被動形式表示主動意義●
短語 be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married 等雖是被動形式,但表示主動含義。
例如:He is prepared for an important test.
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1
●語態(tài)的分類●
語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式,表示句子之中主語和謂語動詞的關(guān)系。英語中有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的發(fā)出者(或執(zhí)行者)。
例如:Many people speak English nowadays.
(speak 的動作是由主語 many people 來執(zhí)行的)
被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者,即行為動作的對象。
例如:English is spoken by many people nowadays.
(主語 English 是動詞 speak 的承受者)
2
●各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)●
1.一般現(xiàn)在時:主語 +am/is/ are+動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned every day.
2.一般過去時:主語 +was/were+動詞的過去分詞
The clothes were washed two hours ago.
3.一般將來時:主語 +will/ shall be+ 動詞的過去分詞
The meeting will be held in three hours.
4.現(xiàn)在進行時:主語 +am/is/ are being+ 動詞的過去分詞
The piano is being repaired by one of my father’s friends.
5.過去進行時:主語 +was / were being+ 動詞的過去分詞
The problem was being discussed when I came in.
The movie has been watched three times.
7.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):情態(tài)動詞+ be +動詞的過去分詞
Before the police arrive, no one could be allowed to leave.
3
●被動語態(tài)的用法●
1.不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰或沒有必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。
例如:The glass was broken just now.
2.強調(diào)動作的承受者,而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。
例如:Your homework must be finished on time.
4
●主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法●
Step1: 把主動語態(tài)句子的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)句子的主語
Step2: 把主動語態(tài)句子的謂語變?yōu)?be+ 動詞過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu) (此處 be 有時態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)的變化)
Step3: 主語變?yōu)?by+sb.結(jié)構(gòu), sb.用賓格 (by sb.可省略)
5
●不用被動語態(tài)的情況●
1.不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。
例如:The sun rises from the east.
2.表示開始、結(jié)束、運動的動詞不用于被動語態(tài)。
如 begin, start, stop, end, shut, run, move 等。
例如:The TV program begins at 8 o’clock.
3.賓語是反身代詞、相互代詞、同源賓語時,不用于被動語態(tài)。
例如:We should help each other.
4. 一部分及物動詞不用于被動語態(tài)。常見的有 fit, have, wish, cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, lack, own 等。
例如:He has a big house.
5.一些短語動詞不能用于被動語態(tài),如 break out, take place, come true, belong to, consist of, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in 等。
例如:The old woman is suffering from a serious illness these days.
6.不定式作定語與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,不定式用主動形式。
例如:I have something interesting to say.
7.一部分形容詞后接不定式做狀語時,不定式用主動形式。常見的形容詞有:easy, hard, difficult, nice, kind 等。
例如:The problem is easy to solve.
6
●被動形式表示主動意義●
短語 be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married 等雖是被動形式,但表示主動含義。
例如:He is prepared for an important test.
1
●語態(tài)的分類●
語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式,表示句子之中主語和謂語動詞的關(guān)系。英語中有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的發(fā)出者(或執(zhí)行者)。
例如:Many people speak English nowadays.
(speak 的動作是由主語 many people 來執(zhí)行的)
被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者,即行為動作的對象。
例如:English is spoken by many people nowadays.
(主語 English 是動詞 speak 的承受者)
2
●各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)●
1.一般現(xiàn)在時:主語 +am/is/ are+動詞的過去分詞
Our classroom is cleaned every day.
2.一般過去時:主語 +was/were+動詞的過去分詞
The clothes were washed two hours ago.
3.一般將來時:主語 +will/ shall be+ 動詞的過去分詞
The meeting will be held in three hours.
4.現(xiàn)在進行時:主語 +am/is/ are being+ 動詞的過去分詞
The piano is being repaired by one of my father’s friends.
5.過去進行時:主語 +was / were being+ 動詞的過去分詞
The problem was being discussed when I came in.
The movie has been watched three times.
7.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):情態(tài)動詞+ be +動詞的過去分詞
Before the police arrive, no one could be allowed to leave.
3
●被動語態(tài)的用法●
1.不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰或沒有必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。
例如:The glass was broken just now.
2.強調(diào)動作的承受者,而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。
例如:Your homework must be finished on time.
4
●主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法●
Step1: 把主動語態(tài)句子的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)句子的主語
Step2: 把主動語態(tài)句子的謂語變?yōu)?be+ 動詞過去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu) (此處 be 有時態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)的變化)
Step3: 主語變?yōu)?by+sb.結(jié)構(gòu), sb.用賓格 (by sb.可省略)
5
●不用被動語態(tài)的情況●
1.不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。
例如:The sun rises from the east.
2.表示開始、結(jié)束、運動的動詞不用于被動語態(tài)。
如 begin, start, stop, end, shut, run, move 等。
例如:The TV program begins at 8 o’clock.
3.賓語是反身代詞、相互代詞、同源賓語時,不用于被動語態(tài)。
例如:We should help each other.
4. 一部分及物動詞不用于被動語態(tài)。常見的有 fit, have, wish, cost, leave, enter, reach, suit, lack, own 等。
例如:He has a big house.
5.一些短語動詞不能用于被動語態(tài),如 break out, take place, come true, belong to, consist of, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in 等。
例如:The old woman is suffering from a serious illness these days.
6.不定式作定語與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系時,不定式用主動形式。
例如:I have something interesting to say.
7.一部分形容詞后接不定式做狀語時,不定式用主動形式。常見的形容詞有:easy, hard, difficult, nice, kind 等。
例如:The problem is easy to solve.
6
●被動形式表示主動意義●
短語 be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married 等雖是被動形式,但表示主動含義。
例如:He is prepared for an important test.
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